dutjweiler



v Jan. 12 1932. I A. M. DUTTWEILER 1,840,833

HEATING DEVICE 1925 2. Sheets-Sheet Filed Nov. 28

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WIIIIIII IIIIIIIJIIIIIIIIIIIIII) Jan. 12, 1932. A. M DUTTWEILER HEATINGDEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 28,

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Patented Jan. 12, 1232 para 2 2 firearms DEVICE Application filed.November 28, 1925; serial No. 71,975.

adapted to effect a more through and complete combustion of the fuelingredients and a more economical burning of the fuel, in the burning ofsuch as buckwheat anthracite and other small sizes of anthracite,semi-bituminou-s coal, bituminous slackand mine run bituminous coal.Thereby enabling these several kinds of coal to be slowly 'andefhciently burned with natural draft and to give out a large amountof'heat during all the stages of the" fire, and permitting the heatingdevice to remain'for many hours of fuel and enabling all ofthese kindsof coal to be burned in this way'in one fire pot with the sameconstruction and with the same sized air spacing for admittingthe air tothe fuel. The present invention being. in the nature of an improvementupon Patent No. 1,341,788, granted to Albert M. Duttweiler June 1, 1920.

The ordinary type of heating device havinginduced draft only'will notproduce the results that are desired. To oxidize, completely all of'tliefuel and efiiciently burn the low grade coals] that have been referredto requires a large amount of highly heated air 7 to be thoroughlydistributed to the fuel.- The coal must be held securely in the fire potwithout wasting, and in theburhing of the small sizes of anthracitecoalradiantign'ition must be furnished. The ordinary grate will notsupplythe amount ,of'airneeded, and it will not supply air withinth'e solidfuel.

The present invention aims-to provide an improved construction whichaccomplishes the desired results by adding improved means forintroducing hie 1y heated air within and at the sides of thegsolidfueland means for sup; in high I heated airabove the fuel. The means forincl oi'iuCing the air within the solid fuel maybe used without themeans for adniitt 'air above the fuel, but when both are employed incombination, a greatly superior result'is' attained, and such severalkinds of low grade coal,

without attention or replacementv in the bars near the "end of the this'i'nve'n- Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is-a' perspective view ofthe lower part of a stove to which the invention is shown as applied;

' Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section. through the fire pot ofthestove, the section being-taken longitudinally ofthe channeledframeshown in Fig. 1; i

' Fig. 3 is a detail perspective'viempartly insection, of a portion of.the fire pot, show: ing achanneied' air flue arranged at the side of thefire pot;. y i

Fig. 4: is a section or the channeled flue in Fig. 3 on the line as w;

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross section of the horizontal bars in thechanneled frame 5, the section being taken through the openings 7 frameat the frontof the stove;

c Fig. 6 is a detail view of the channeled frame-5 shownin Figs. 1 and 2with addi tional means for admitting 'air'thereto, and showin a magazinedivided at" the bottom for feeding coal to the fuel chamber'j Fig. .7 isa detailview showing in perspec-. tive a grate adapted to besubstitutedfor and in J.

to be interchangeable with the grate shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 8 is a detail view "of aplan for an ar rangement of channeled.frames when more than one of the channeled frames are used in the firebox.

Referring to Fig. '1, the stove proper need not be particularlydescribed as the form shown is merely for illustration. It comprises afire pot 1 shown as of annular form and within which the solid fuel isplaced as usual. Directly above the fire pot proper is an annular frame2 having a number of apertures 3. This frame 2 is carried inside theouter stove casting, whereby the hollow internal portion of the framemarked Apro- 'vides an air channel, the air passing out into the spaceabove the fuel through the holes 8.

Supported in the fire pot is a stabilized A channeled frame 5, thiscomprising the two side plates 6 and 6a, and the tier of horizontal bars7 to 76. The bars are spaced apart by the two side plates, and to theseplates they are integrally joined, and thelower bar is set eloselyadjacettheusual grate. The'separation of the bars produces a tier ofhorizontal air channels through which the air may pass and be deliveredto the solid fuel from two opposite sides of the tier of channels andfrom the tier of bars. It will be seen that each of the horizontal barshas a ridge and sloping sides and a cavity to contain air underneath theridge of the bar. The bars are near enough together, and the sides ofthe bars have the right slope, to prevent fuel and ashes from filling inthe channels, and to pre vent the lodgment of fuel and ashes. Openings 8to 8d are formed respectively in the bars 7 to 761, one opening in eachbar at the top of the bar, to permit the passage of air between thechannels. These openings are arranged in the bars in a reverse order, sothat an opening will not be immediately be low the opening in the barabove it but at a distance removed from the opening above, so as tocause the air to take a tortuous course in passing throughthe tier ofchannels and to slow the draft. For instance, the opening 8 is formednear that end of the bar 7 that oins the side plate 6, but the opening8a is formed near that end of the bar To that joins the side plate 6a.In the sectional view of Fig. 2 the horizontal bars and the position ofthe openings are clearly shown. A cross section of the bars is showninFig. 5. The grate is marked with the numeral 9 and may be of anydesired form, though as shown it is provided directly under thechanneled frame 5 with large apertures so as to permit a considerableamount of air to pass upwardly. The section of Fig. 2 is taken centrallyof the fire pot and at points to the side of that central line the gratemay be of ordinary construction.

The annular frame 2 may be integrally formed with vertical air channels11 on opposite sides of the frame 5 and these channels are shown inFigs. 1 and 2. The channels extend downwardly to the grate 9 and permitair to pass upwardly through the edge of the grate into the frame 2. Thechannel 11 at the front of the stove is shorter than the one at the rearto provide clearance for the stove door. For the same reason the annularchannel 2 terminates in closed ends as at 2a. The air from the frontchannel 11 is conducted to the space 4 of the channel 2 by means of airpassages 11a and an aperture 11?) opening into the space 4. I

To aid the channeled frame 5 in admitting air to the soli fuel the firepot may be pro vided on the two sides that are opposite th broad sidesof the channeled frame with the two channeled air flues 12 and 12a.These are alike and one is shown in perspective in Fi 3 with partsbroken away. It is formed of the sloping horizontalbars 15 to 152integrally joined to the two side plates 13 am 13a and to the back plate'14:. The bars are separated by these plates thereby forming airchannels. The bars have the right slope and are close enough together,to prevent fuel and ashes from filling in the channels, and to preventthe lodgment of fuel and ashes. An opening is provided in the top ofeach of the bars 15 to 15d to permit the passage of air, for instancethe opening 16 in the bar 15. These fines may be detachably joined tothe sides of the fire pot and they extend down to a point closelyadjacent the usual grate, the air being admitted to the fines throughthe grate. They extend up into the annular frame 2 and the top bars 156are curved to conform with the top of the frame, parts of which theyrcplace. A cross section of one of the lines is shown in Fig. 4. Thisconstruction may be employed in connection with the channeled frame 5 ornot, as desired, it furnishes simply an added means for introducing airto the body of the fuel. 7

In Fig. 6 is shown means which may or may not be employed as desired foradmitting additional supplies of air to the channels of he frame 5. Herethe side plate 6 is shown hollow and the hollow portion runs downthrough the bottom of tl e plate to receive air from the grate 9, andthe air passes out into the horizontal channels through the holes 17 inthe wall of the plate. The side plate 6a is hollow and the hollowportion receives air from the vertical tube 18 which extends down fromthe top of the stove and communicates with the outer air, and the airpasses into the horizontal channels through holes in the wall of theplate. Also in Fig. 6 is shown a magazine 19 divided .into two sectionsat the bottom. This magazine extends to the top of the stove and may beused or not as desired for feeding coal to the fuel chamber.

Fig. 7 shows a grate that may replace the grate 9 made of an uppersection 20 and a lower section 21 joined at the center by a pivot 22 onwhich the sections may swing. The small holes 23, 24: and 25 in theupper section register with a small hole in the lower section, to permitthe two sections to be locked together with a bolt and to permit threeadjustments of the grate and changes in the size of the grate openings.This form of the grate may be used or not as desired.

In Fig. 8 is shown a. design or plan for an arrangement of five of thechanneled frames somewhat similar to frame 5 in the fire box of a verylarge furnace. These frames are indi cated respectively by 5a, 5b, 5c,5d and 5e, and the frame 5a is larger than the others. Two oppositesides of the fire pot are recessed.

In the operation of the device the fuel is inserted into the fire pot inany desired way and entirely surrounds the channeled frame 5 and restsagainst the channeled flues 12 and 12a. When the fire is started the airpasses upwardly through the grate 9 through the channels of thechanneled frame and out into thebody of the solid fuel. The bars be ingsurrounded by the fire thereby receive ig-eemeae the concentrated heatof the fire and are intensely heated, and the air passing through thechannels is therefore highly heated.-

And the large amount of highly heated air in incandescent heat.

ply. The fuel is held securely in the fire pot, and the intensely heatedbars furnish radiant ignition to burn the anthracite coals. Thechanneled fines 12 andlQa admit additional supplies of air to the bodyof the fuel, and

when these are used, and the frame 5 isalso;

used, air is admitted to many points of the solid fuel.

Ordinarily not all of the fuel ingredients are completely oxidized bythe admission of air from the channeled frame and such fuel gases asrise above the fuel in a partially consumed state meet with additionalair and are completely consumed. This air passes up the channels 11 atthe sides ofthe fire pot becom ing thereby highly heated, and then movesthroughout the apertured frame'2 and passes therefrom through theorifices 3 into the fire pot. The heating ofthis air is constant becausethe state of the incandescence of the solid fuel is constant. i

V The independent air current above the fuel moderates the fire belowit, and the intimate relation of air and fuel that is needed is obtainedand a large amountof oxygen supplied without a strong draft, and thusthe low gradecoals that are mentioned may be slowly and efiicientlyburned and a very hot fire continued for many hours without consumingmuch fuel, and without any replacement of fuel and without anyattentionbeing given to the heatingdevice. And there is no wasting away of any'ofthe coal. In the ordinary stove an intimate relation of air and fuelsuch as is needed may be obtained only with a strong draft and a largefire and that consumes the coalrapidly, and in the attempted successfuluse of coal such as the buckwheat anthracite there is a constant largewasting away of the coal. In the ordinary stove with attempts toefficiently burn bituminous slack and similar coal, the coal fills inthe air spaces provided for admitting air to the fuel and obstructs theair'supply, but in the present invention this condition does not obtain.

The slowing of the draft through the channeled frame causes thestove tobequickly heated up and the full heating efficiency ohtained soon aftertne starting of the fire.

heated air, and in the present invention from one-third to one-half ofthis air is supplied within the body of the solid fuel and one tlir' tosue half above the solid fuel. These amonnts may vary but normally atleast onethird of the airwill lie/supplied within. the

solid fuel'anclLone-third above it. However, when ashesf clog" the gratethe proportion of air passing=therethreugh will be somewhat diminished.and then about one-half of the air-will be suppliedfrom each source. The

stove'of the application isdesignedto cause this proportion to obtain. 7q will: be seen: that'the parts of the heating device are of such formor shape as best to withstand the effects of the heat from the fire. IThe horizontal barsof the chan ueled frame flare-of large-cross sectionand.

are subject. to 1 very slow. deterioration; The edges of thesebars-abut. the fuel audit w ll be seen that a considerable amount ofdeteriorationmay take place without. hindering tlie-useof the appliance.

The channeled frame may be madeof any fire resistingmaterial,ksuch asfire clay, or

may be madeof meta-lior of fire clay reinforced withfmetalr The onlyrequirement isthatit shall he fire resisting andshall'readilygive'ofi'its heat to-the air passing through the channels and alsoto thefuel. It will be seen that alargeamo'unt of heating surface is providedin this fra ne to ..h eat thelarge amount of: airthat is supplied by-thehorizontal channels, but that the frame only takes up a small amount ofspace in the fuel container. As shown in my present construction thehorizontal bars of the frame 5 are integrally joined to the side plates6 and 6a, but it will be understood that these may be detachably joinedwhen desired.

. With the construction shown it is usually desirable that the to framemay extend a ove the solid, fuel, so that the top air channel may extendabove the normal level of the fuel and allow the products ofcombustion-to pass upward and not choke the fire. However, thisobviously not essential as air entering the channels will pass therefrominto the solid fuel even if the fuel level is above the top of thechannels. In the form illustrated in the drawings the channeled flues 12and 12a, and the independent channels 11, may be formed separately fromthe fire pot itself, but it will be understood that this ,is notessential as these flues and channels may readily be formed integrallywith the fire pot. Dampers 110 may be provided in the channels 11 toregulate the supply of air throughthese channels, which may or may notbe used as desired.

bar of the channeled- Having thus fully described my invention, what Iclaim as new and desire to secure by to apply air to the solid fuel fromwithin the solid fuel, means to permit the passage of air between thechannels and to cause an air current to take a tortuous course inpassing through the tier of channels, and means to supply air to thetier of channels.

2. In a heating appliance, the combination with a fire'pot and ahorizontal grate therein, of an air conductingstructure comprising a topmember and end members and a plurality of horizontally disposed andvertically spaced inverted V-shaped bars between the said end members,said bars providing horizontal air channels therebetween and havingapertures so arranged as to establish series communication between saidchannels, and the said air conducting structure located immediatelyabove a diameter of the grate and extending upwardly within the firepot. 3. In a heating appliance, in combination with a fire pot, an airdistributor comprising a plurality of horizontally disposed andvertically spaced inverted V-shaped bars positioned within the fire pot,said bars providing air channels therebetween adapted to :5 distributeair within the body of the solid fuel, and an independent airdistributor adjoining the fire pot adaptedrto distribute an independentair current to the fuel.

. ALBERT M. DUTTWEILER.

